He actively promoted the convening of the Fourth Ecumenical Council, at Chalcedon in 451, to condemn the heresy of the Monophysites. Pope St. Leo the Great is well-known for issuing a tome of theological writings and for persuading Attila the Hun to abandon an attack on Italy. Watch this video from Dr. Taylor Marshall with the Top 10 things to know about him. Why do we call Pope St. Leo “the Great”? He was proclaimed a Doctor of the Church by Pope … 1 and 2/1, Westminster ML 1988/1987 (2nd revised edition). Share 30. B. He was well-educated, but yearned for the spiritual life. In a letter to the bishops of Campania, Picenum, and Tuscany (443) he required the observance of all his precepts and those of his predecessors; and he sharply rebuked the bishops of Sicily (447) for their deviation from the Roman custom as to the time of baptism, requiring them to send delegates to the Roman synod to learn the proper practice. Piously and truly did Leo teach, so taught Cyril. Leo was born in Tuscany in Italy around the year 400 and served as an advisor and diplomat for two popes. From Pope Leo the Great’s Sermon on the Passion (8): O ur understanding, which is enlightened by the Spirit of truth, should receive with purity and freedom of heart the glory of the cross as it shines in heaven and on earth. [6] Faced with this decree, Hilary submitted to the pope, although under his successor, Ravennius, Leo divided the metropolitan rights between Arles and Vienne (450). Tweet. A trustworthy chronicle hands down another account which does not conflict with the fact that an embassy was sent, but evidently furnishes the true reasons which moved Attila to receive it favourably. Hans Feichtinger: Die Gegenwart Christi in der Kirche bei Leo dem Großen, Frankfurt 2007, This page was last edited on 15 January 2021, at 20:06. [20], Leo died on 10 November 461 and, as he wished to be buried as close as possible to the tomb of St Peter, his body was placed in a tomb in the portico of Saint Peter's basilica. The fact that the African province of Mauretania Caesariensis had been preserved to the empire and thus to the Nicene faith during the Vandal invasion and, in its isolation, was disposed to rest on outside support, gave Leo an opportunity to assert his authority there. Bishop Turibius of Astorga, astonished at the spread of the sect in Spain, had addressed the other Spanish bishops on the subject, sending a copy of his letter to Leo, who took the opportunity to write an extended treatise (21 July 447) against the sect, examining its false teaching in detail and calling for a Spanish general council to investigate whether it had any adherents in the episcopate. Feeling that the primatial rights of the bishop of Rome were threatened, Leo appealed to the civil power for support and obtained, from Valentinian III, a decree of 6 June 445, which recognized the primacy of the bishop of Rome based on the merits of Peter, the dignity of the city, and the legislation of the First Council of Nicaea; and provided for the forcible extradition by provincial governors of any bishop who refused to answer a summons to Rome. These are the things Dioscorus hid away. Christ, however, always comes out as the source of all grace and authority, and Leo is responsible to him for how he fulfilled his duties (sermon 1). "Extracts from the Acts: Session II (cont. St. Leo the Great was Pope during the middle of the fifth century, a troubled time when barbarian armies were ravaging the once mighty Roman Empire. In his In Nativitate Domini, Christmas Day, sermon, "Christian, remember your dignity", Leo articulates a fundamental dignity common to all Christians, whether saints or sinners, and the consequent obligation to live up to it: Our Saviour, dearly-beloved, was born today: let us be glad. Johann Peter Kirsch sees this commission as a proof of the confidence placed in the able deacon by the Imperial Court. Every other bishop is charged with the care of his particular flock, the Roman pontiff with that of the whole Church. This is the faith of the fathers. Peter participates in everything which is Christ's; what the other apostles have in common with him they have through him. At the Council of Chalcedon, at which 630 bishops were present, a letter of Leo to the deceased St. Flavian, Patriarch of Constantinople (447-449), was read. Besides, the whereabouts of Aëtius at that time are unknown, and Attila or his warriors may have felt endangered by their arch-enemy from the Catalaunian plains. He was also a defender against the heresy of Nestorius. Pope Innocent I had constituted the metropolitan of Thessalonica his vicar, in order to oppose the growing influence of the patriarch of Constantinople in the area. All the bishops present at the Council were in agreement with this teaching, and so the heretics Eutyches and Dioscorus were excommunicated from the Church. In 455, Leo confronted the Vandal leader Genseric during an attack on Rome, and obtained a guarantee of safety for many of his people and the churches where they were hiding. His response to the call of the Lord transformed him into one of the greatest popes of Christian history. Pope St. Leo the Great. "[1], He was a Roman aristocrat, and was the first pope to have been called "the Great". St. Leo IX, original name Bruno, Graf (count) von Egisheim und Dagsburg, (born June 21, 1002, Egisheim, Alsace, Upper Lorraine [now Eguisheim, France]—died April 19, 1054, Rome [Italy]; feast day April 19), head of the medieval Latin church (1049–54), during whose reign the papacy became the focal point of western Europe and the great East-West Schism of 1054 became inevitable. He became a deacon and occupied a important position with St. Cyril of Alexandria. He was still a deacon when he was elected pope. To Leo the Great, Mariology is determined by Christology. Leo’s pontificate, next to that of St. Gregory I, is the most significant and important in Christian antiquity. The significance of Leo's pontificate lies in his assertion of the universal jurisdiction of the Roman bishop, as expressed in his letters, and still more in his 96 extant orations. He became a deacon and occupied a important position with St. Cyril of Alexandria. Holding office in the late fifth century, Pope Leo I was the first to be called the “Great”—and for good reason. Thus, the office of the Roman bishop, was grounded on the special relationship between Christ and Peter, a relationship that cannot be repeated per se; therefore, Leo depended on Peter's mediation, his assistance and his example in order to be able to adequately fulfill his role and exercise his authority as the Bishop of Rome, both in the city and beyond. By the mystery of Baptism thou wert made the temple of the Holy Ghost: do not put such a denizen to flight from thee by base acts, and subject thyself once more to the devil’s thraldom: because thy purchase money is the blood of Christ, because He shall judge thee in truth Who ransomed thee in mercy, who with the Father and the Holy Spirit reigns for ever and ever. 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