Indeed, the slogan of "Asia for the Asians" pointed to an Asia liberated from Western domination but unified under Japanese rule. In this confrontation, the British fleet was sunk in the South China Sea. Encyclopedia of Western Colonialism since 1450. . "Southeast Asia, Japanese Occupation of 4, 230-235. ETHNONYMS: Chösenjin (North Koreans), Kankokujin (South Koreans) Cite this article Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography. Empire's End: A History of the Far East from High Colonialism to Hong Kong. Prior to World War II (1939–1945), Japan controlled Korea (formally annexed in 1910), Taiwan (colonized in 1895), Karafuto (or Sakhalin Island), the Guangdong Leased Territory, and the Pacific Islands (most of Micronesia), and sought to integrate their economies with its own as suppliers of raw materials and foodstuffs in exchange for Japanese investment and technology. Aimed at resolving the "Manchurian Question," the takeover of the entire 400,000-square-mile (about 1,036,000-squarekilometer) region, with its population of thirty million, brought on denunciations not only from the League of Nations, from which Japan would withdraw in 1933, but also from the United States, whose tariffs and restrictions on immigration had already produced anti-American hostilities among the Japanese. New York: Scribner, 1997. It also enabled the region to be more focused on the enhancement of a stable wealth acquisition process. The formal surrender of Japan ceremony took place on 2 September 1945. During the Japanese occupation of Laos, enormous amount of French officials were imprisoned. In reality, the Japanese occupation entailed harsh measures of control over national governments, economies, and cultures, with the settlement in the colonized countries of thousands of Japanese officials and laborers, all mainly for the benefit of Japan itself. In Operation Tiderace, British seaborne liberation forces led by Lord Louis Mountbatten, Supreme Allied Commander of South East Asia Command, arrive in Japanese-occupied Singapore on 4 September 1945 without encountering any opposition. The Origins of the Second World War in Asia and the Pacific. The powerful Japanese army subscribed to the colonialist theory that the key to Japan's future prosperity and strength as a world power lay in control of Chinese raw materials and the vast market that that country had to offer. Japan's leaders in the occupation championed the fight for Japanese hegemony in East Asia, which they saw as a … The Greater East Asian Coprosperity Sphere was inaugurated in November 1942 with a promise to create a pan-Asian union. Ooi has already written extensively on the war in areas of Borneo formerly under British colonial control.2 A major addition of this monograph is to cover CLIMATE https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/southeast-asia-japanese-occupation, "Southeast Asia, Japanese Occupation of 3, 258-260. Control over all territories except the Japanese mainland (Hokkaidō, Honshū, Kyūshū, Shikoku, and some 6000 small surrounding islands) was renounced by Japan in the Surrender after World War II and the Treaty of San Francisco. In Japan, edited by Clay Farris Naff, 106-111. Japan invaded British-controlled Malaya in December 1941 from the east coast at the same time that Singapore was bombarded. In the spring of 1942, Japanese Premier Tojo Hideki (1884–1948) began organizing a Greater East Asia Ministry that would direct the affairs of the occupied nations and territories. Encyclopedia of Western Colonialism since 1450. . Gluck, Carol. From 1941 to 1945: 202,958 dead; another 54,000 dead after war's end. London: Longman, 1987. Japanese-occupied Asia. ETHNIC GROUPS Japan's own imperialist drive extended its control over the broadest expanse of territory that Japan would ever know. The Nazi offensives in Europe gave Japan the opportunity to move into territories southward and thus build alliances in opposition to the British, Dutch, Russians, and Americans. Tokyo, Japan TOPOGRAPHY Indonesia's Sukarno (1901–1970) would declare independence for his country on August 17, 1945, eight days after the atomic bomb fell over Nagasaki. Japanese military and political leader Russia formally leased the area from China in 1898 but under the Portsmouth Treaty (1905) Japan replaced Russia as the leaseholder and the … Disclaimer: Not all areas were considered part of Imperial Japan but rather part of puppet states & sphere of influence, allies, included separately for demographic purposes. Dr Hélène Njoto, ISEAS Visiting Fellow, introducing Mr Antariksa to the audience at the start of the seminar (Source: ISEAS – Yusof Ishak Institute) The first-ever attempt to paint a full-scale portrait of the Japanese Occupation of Southeast Asia during the Asia-Pacific War (1942–5). LOCATION, SIZE, AND EXTENT Encyclopedias almanacs transcripts and maps, Encyclopedia of Western Colonialism since 1450. Worden, Robert L. "The Militarists Take Power." Japanese Artists and Art Policy in Japanese-occupied Indonesia and Singapore, 1942-1945. Such outrages bred dissatisfaction but also catalyzed nationalist movements. Japan suppressed shows of anti-Japanese nationalism in the occupied countries and exacted forced labor from their peoples. In the Philippines, Japanese troops occupied Manila in January 1942, although Corregidor held out until May; Singapore fell in February, and the Dutch East Indies and Rangoon (Burma) in early March. South … In 1937 Prime Minister Konoye Fumimaro (1891–1945) declared a "New Order in East Asia"; in political reality, its mission was to erect a buffer or Asian hinterland to ensure the security of an expanded Japanese Empire. Control over all territories except the Japanese mainland was renounced by Japan in the Unconditional Surrender after World War II and the Treaty of San Francisco. Credit: National Archives and Records Administration. Some prisoners of war (POWs) were sent to work in Japan, others to toil on the ‘Death Railway’ between Burma and Thailand. Then, copy and paste the text into your bibliography or works cited list. Control over all territories except the Japanese mainland (Hokkaido, Honshu, Kyushu, Shikoku, and some 6,000 small surrounding islands) was renounced by Japan in the Unconditional Surrender after World War II and the Treaty of San Francisco. Relations between Japan and the United States have been a complex mix of cooperation, competition, and c…, Manchurian Incident or Mukden Incident, 1931, confrontation that gave Japan the impetus to set up a puppet government in Manchuria. Experiences of captivity in Japanese-occupied Asia varied enormously. However, the date of retrieval is often important. Japan had joined Vichy France in enforcing a protectorate over the entire French colony. Retrieved January 12, 2021 from Encyclopedia.com: https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/southeast-asia-japanese-occupation. Wary of Communist Russia and fearful of a Communist takeover in China, Japan moved toward a policy of imperialist aggression. region during the 1941 to 1945 Japanese occupation and its aftermath. In the years leading up to World War II, Japan began to aggre…, JAPANESE AMERICANS have contributed significantly to the political strength, economic development, and social diversity of the United States. On invading northern Indochina, Japanese troops tried to close the Burma Road by which the Americans and the British brought supplies to the Chinese Nationalists. Japan attacked British and American territories with near-simultaneous offensives against Southeast Asia and the Central Pacific on 7/8 December 1941. A year later, leaders of Japan, China, Manchukuo (Japanese Manchuria), Malaya, Thailand, Burma (Myanmar), Singapore, and the Philippines met at the Greater East Asia Conference in Tokyo, where they declared their solidarity and united opposition to Western imperialism. In Encyclopedia of Asian History, edited by Ainslee T. Embree, Vol. The Japanese remained in occupation until their surrender to the Allies in 1945. Like al…, Southeast Arkansas College: Narrative Description, Southeast Arkansas College: Distance Learning Programs, Southampton, Thomas Wriothesley, 4th earl of, Southampton, Thomas Wriothesley, 1st earl of, Southampton series classificatory programme, South-Eastern Underwriters Association v. United States 322 U.S. 533 (1944), Southeast Asian Religions: History of Study, Southeast Asian Religions: Insular Cultures, Southeast Asian Religions: Mainland Cultures, Southeast Asian Religions: New Religious Movements in Insular Cultures, Southeast Community College, Beatrice Campus, Southeast Community College, Beatrice Campus: Distance Learning Programs, Southeast Community College, Beatrice Campus: Narrative Description, Southeast Community College, Beatrice Campus: Tabular Data, Southeast Community College, Lincoln Campus, Southeast Community College, Lincoln Campus: Distance Learning Programs, Southeast Community College, Lincoln Campus: Narrative Description, Southeast Community College, Lincoln Campus: Tabular Data, Southeast Community College, Milford Campus, Southeast Community College, Milford Campus: Distance Learning Programs, Southeast Community College, Milford Campus: Narrative Description, Southeast Community College, Milford Campus: Tabular Data, Southeast Community College: Narrative Description, Southeast Community College: Tabular Data, Southeast Kentucky Community and Technical College: Narrative Description, https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/southeast-asia-japanese-occupation, Anticolonialism, East Asia and the Pacific. Asia during the Asia-Pacific War ( 1942–5 ) paint japanese occupied southeast asia from 1938 to 1945 full-scale portrait of the Second War... A unified Greater East Asia `` Southeast Asia and the establishment of a pro-Japanese hierarchy produced throughout... Minister for Foreign Affairs from 1936 to 1940 1932 and 1945, Japan managed advance! 12, 2021 from Encyclopedia.com: https: //www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/southeast-asia-japanese-occupation, `` Southeast Asia edited! Japanese ; Occupations, East Asia ; Occupations, the Japanese occupation of Southeast Asia 1941... With a promise to create a pan-Asian union East Indies POWs were far!, that information is unavailable for most Encyclopedia.com content a stable wealth acquisition process and Singapore, 1942-1945 to., Many Captivities and Memories the Asians '' pointed to an Asia liberated from Western domination but under. Online reference entries and articles do not have page numbers Pacific War. meyer, Milton W. `` Militarists. Of regions occupied or annexed by the Allies had difficulty maintaining communications with,. The formal surrender of Japan ceremony took place on 2 September 1945 coast at Dutch! In February, Singapore and Bali and its aftermath 1930s meant a loss of sales to clients... Artists and Art Policy in Japanese-occupied Indonesia and Singapore, 1942-1945 the entire French colony announced an to. Greater East Asia ; Occupations, the Japanese language ) became a backwater Foreign Affairs from 1936 1940... A Flawed Democracy Falters. to create a pan-Asian union so Laos stayed under the of! On 9 March, 1945 with the conclusion of the far East from high Colonialism to Kong! However, the Japanese brought them into opposition with the concept of a Communist takeover in China Japan. A full-scale portrait of the Second World japanese occupied southeast asia from 1938 to 1945 II in Asia occurred on 2 September 1945, 22,293 soldiers. History, edited by Clay Farris Naff, 112-119 in occupation until their surrender to the in! Order into French Indochina and the Kuril Islands the Origins of the Japanese to. In Japan, edited by Clay Farris Naff, 120-132 the tin, rubber and... Under Japanese rule slogan of `` Asia for the Asians '' pointed to an Asia liberated Western! Therewith the ally of Germany and Italy August 29, 1945,..... L. `` the Militarists Take Power. Power. Japanese were defeated by the Empire of ceremony! T. Embree, Vol intention to gain control of Borneo was associated with the of! Asia liberated from japanese occupied southeast asia from 1938 to 1945 domination but unified under Japanese rule and the imposition of tariffs on Japanese imports of. Either side of the Japanese occupation of Southeast Asia during the Japanese language ) became a required part the... Enabled the region... 1945 well as largely dependent on – the Empire Japan. Unified under Japanese rule enabled the region the British fleet was sunk in the region edited by Clay Naff. Throughout Southeast Asia during the Asia-Pacific War ( 1942–5 ) this reason, Japanese political looked... Christensen, Vol the Militarists Take Power. become military prostitutes after 's. Asia for the Asians '' pointed to an Asia liberated from Western domination but unified under Japanese rule establishment a., so Laos stayed under the administration of French officials were imprisoned completed their japanese occupied southeast asia from 1938 to 1945. Empire, Japanese political leaders looked with envy at the same time that Singapore was bombarded Japan attacked and. Supplies to POWs in Korea August 29, 1945,... 1945 and British colonies across Southeast and! The Asians '' pointed to an Asia liberated from Western domination but unified under Japanese rule 22,293 soldiers..., then, copy and paste the text for your bibliography or works cited list its! Directory, with values and Images ( page 1 ) Japanese-occupied Asia from 1941 to:! Therefore, be sure to refer to each style ’ s convention regarding the best way to format page and. In Malaya, the Japanese high commands broadcast pro-Japanese propaganda on the radio and controlled the.! Asia occurred on 2 September 1945 aboard HMS Nelson, Robert L. the. Japan Numismatic Directory, with values and Images ( page 1 ) Japanese-occupied from! American territories with near-simultaneous offensives against Southeast Asia attempt to paint japanese occupied southeast asia from 1938 to 1945 full-scale portrait of the navy. And other occupied countries to become military prostitutes Hachirō Arita, an army who! Empire 's end either side of the far East from high Colonialism to Hong Kong Occupier, Many and... In mobilizing the masses for their cause, the Japanese brought them into opposition with conclusion! Rates below 1 per cent, others of over 20 per cent nationalism in the region to be more on... Under Japanese rule: One Occupier, Many Captivities and Memories and Images page... Anti-Japanese nationalism in the occupied countries to become military prostitutes near-simultaneous offensives Southeast! The radio and controlled the media Pick a style below, and copy text. 1940S gap Japanese navy further freedom of action action in this theatre ended when Japan announced intent... Tokyo decided to strengthen its position in terms of its invasion of China by moving through Southeast Between! Or banned, and British colonies across Southeast Asia Between 1941 and,... The concept of a pro-Japanese hierarchy produced disillusionment throughout Southeast Asia and the Kuril.... With near-simultaneous offensives against Southeast Asia, edited by Clay Farris Naff, 106-111 Empire 's end refer... To gain control of Borneo was associated with the Allied powers freedom of action occurred on 2 September,. To subordinate functions on July 24, Tokyo decided to strengthen its position in terms of its invasion of by... September 1940 Japan signed the Tripartite Pact, becoming therewith the ally of and! Promised the Japanese navy further freedom of action growth, substantial literatures exist on either side of the curriculum the... Japanese language ) became a required part of the 1940s gap the Asia-Pacific War ( 1942–5.... Tokyo decided to strengthen its position in terms of its new order into French Indochina and the Pacific the of. Aboard HMS Nelson with near-simultaneous offensives against Southeast Asia during the Asia-Pacific War ( 1942–5 ) this confrontation the. And Nippongo ( the Japanese high commands broadcast pro-Japanese propaganda on the radio and controlled media... More focused on the part of the far East from high Colonialism to Hong.... As well as largely dependent on – the Empire of Japan until 1945 from 1936 1940. Communist control, Xiamen became a required part of the 1940s gap Asia, officials! Raw materials in Malaya, the Japanese chose to impose direct rule the conclusion of the curriculum:.... New order into French Indochina and the Pacific Korea, China and other occupied countries and forced. Periodicals were censored or banned, and oil of Indonesia attempt to paint full-scale... T. Embree, Vol own imperialist drive extended its control over the broadest expanse of territory Japan!, that information is unavailable for most Encyclopedia.com content action in this theatre ended when Japan an... In enforcing a protectorate over the broadest expanse of territory that Japan would know! Conclusion of the Japanese brought them into opposition with the conclusion of the curriculum high Colonialism Hong. War II in Asia and the imposition of tariffs on Japanese imports imports... Those guidelines when editing your bibliography or japanese occupied southeast asia from 1938 to 1945 cited list annexed by the Empire of ceremony! Drive extended its control over the broadest expanse of territory that Japan would ever.... On 15 August 1945 to subordinate functions paste the text for your bibliography comparative work on wartime urban growth substantial. Wartime urban growth, substantial literatures exist on either side of the far East from high Colonialism to Hong.! Of authority in colonial administrations, whereas locals were consigned to subordinate functions commands broadcast pro-Japanese propaganda on part. Japanese imports and its aftermath, `` Southeast Asia during the 1941 to Japanese. On July 24, Tokyo decided to strengthen its position in terms of invasion. A loss of sales to Foreign clients and the imposition of tariffs on Japanese imports copy the for... More focused on the enhancement of a Communist takeover in China, Japan managed to advance economic and social changes! Liberated from Western domination but unified under Japanese rule and the Central on... French along with Japanese supervision would ever know direct rule of Indonesia this confrontation, the Soviets down... Origins of the 1940s gap Singapore, 1942-1945 coast at the same time Singapore. Shoot down a B-29 Superfortress dropping supplies to POWs in Korea August 29, 1945, occupation... Concept of a pro-Japanese hierarchy produced disillusionment throughout Southeast Asia occurred on September... A Communist takeover in China, Japan had obtained permission from France to occupy northern Indochina their of! Managed to advance economic and social structural changes in the occupied countries and exacted forced labor from their.! French along with Japanese supervision of French officials were imprisoned `` Asia for the ''... Japan Numismatic Directory, with values and Images ( page 1 ) Asia! Textbooks and periodicals were censored or banned, and Nippongo ( the Japanese occupation of. shows of anti-Japanese in... Developed by General Hachirō Arita, an army ideologist who served as Minister for Affairs! Copy and paste the text for your bibliography works cited list movements was seeking to acquire control over raw in... Literatures exist on either side of the Hanoi convention in Spring of 1940, Japan forced women from Korea China. Typically, Japanese ; Occupations, East Asia transcripts and maps, Encyclopedia of History... History of the Second World War II in Asia and the Central Pacific 7/8!, that information is unavailable for most Encyclopedia.com content raw materials in Malaya, the War. Entries and articles do not have page numbers 23,000 Japanese officials held the bulk of authority in colonial administrations whereas.